This Java Tutorial is designed for beginners as well as experienced professionals. Whether you're starting your Java journey and looking to understand the basics of Java or its advanced concepts, this free Java tutorial is the perfect resource for you.
What is Java?Developed by Sun Microsystems in 1995, Java is a highly popular, object-oriented programming language. This platform independent programming language is utilized for Android development, web development, artificial intelligence, cloud applications, and much more.
In this tutorial, we will cover everything from the basics of Java syntax to advanced topics like object-oriented programming and exception handling. So, by the end of this tutorial, you will have a strong understanding of Java and be ready to start writing your own Java applications. So let's get started on this comprehensive Free Java programming Tutorial!
First Java ProgramJava// A Java program to print "Hello World" public class GFG { public static void main(String args[]) { System.out.println("Hello World"); } }Output:
Hello WorldFor full explanation of the above Program -
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Table of Content
Overview of JavaBasics of JavaInput/Output in JavaFlow Control in JavaOperators in JavaArrays in JavaStrings in JavaOOPS in JavaClasses of JavaInterfaces in JavaMethods in JavaPackages in JavaCollection Framework in JavaCollection Classes in JavaMemory Allocation in JavaException Handling in JavaMultithreading in JavaSynchronization in JavaFile Handling in JavaJava RegexJava IOJava NetworkingJava SE 8 FeaturesJava Date & TimeJava JDBCJava MiscellaneousInterview Questions on JavaJava Practice ProblemsJava Jobs & OpportunityGet Started with Free Java TutorialHere in this section, you will find all the free resources that you need to become zero to mastery in the process of learning Java programming language.
As you get started with Java, it's crucial to have a solid foundation in place. Concepts like data types, control flow, and functions are essential for any Java developer. To explore these topics more thoroughly, the Java Programming Course offers a great blend of theory and practical exercises to help solidify your understanding before moving on to advanced topics
Overview of JavaIntroduction to JavaHistory of JavaJava vs C++ vs PythonHow to Download and Install Java?Setting Up the Environment in JavaHow to Download and Install Eclipse on Windows?Java Development Kit (JDK) in JavaJVM and its architectureJDK Vs JRE Vs JVMJust In Time CompilerJIT Vs JVMByte Code Vs Machine CodeBasics of JavaJava Basic SyntaxFirst Java Program (Hello World)Datatypes in JavaPrimitive Vs Non-Primitive DatatypesJava IdentifiersOperators in JavaJava VariablesJava KeywordsScope of VariablesWrapper Classes in JavaInput/Output in JavaHow to take Input from users in JavaScanner class in JavaBufferedReader class in JavaScanner vs BufferedReader in JavaWays to Read Input from Console in JavaPrint Output in Javaprint() Vs println() in JavaFormatted Outputs in JavaFlow Control in JavaDecision making in JavaIf Statement in JavaIf-Else Statement in javaIf-Else-If ladder in JavaLoops in JavaFor loopWhile LoopDo while loopFor each loopContinue Statement in javaBreak Statement In JavaUsage of Break in JavaReturn Statement in JavaOperators in JavaArithmetic OperatorUnary OperatorAssignment OperatorRelational OperatorLogical OperatorTernary OperatorBitwise OperatorArrays in JavaIntroduction to Arrays in JavaArrays class in JavaMulti-Dimensional Array in JavaHow to declare and initialize 2D arrays in JavaJagged array in JavaFinal Arrays in JavaReflect Arrays in JavaJava util.Arrays Vs reflect.ArraysJava Array ProgramsStrings in JavaIntroduction of Strings in JavaString class in Java Set-1 | Set-2Why strings are immutable in Java?StringBuffer class in JavaStringBuilder class in JavaStrings vs StringBuffer vs StringBuilder in JavaStringTokenizer class in Java Set-1 | Set-2StringJoiner in JavaJava String ProgramsOOPS in JavaOOPS in Java refers to Object-Oriented Programming concepts implemented in the Java programming language. Java's OOP features include classes, objects, inheritance, polymorphism, and encapsulation, enabling modular and efficient code development. Understanding OOPS in Java is essential for building robust, scalable, and maintainable software applications.
OOPS Concept in JavaWhy Java is not a purely Object-Oriented Language?Classes and ObjectsNaming Convention in JavaMethods in JavaAccess Modifiers in JavaConstructors in JavaFour pillars of OOPS in JavaInheritance in JavaAbstraction in JavaEncapsulation in JavaPolymorphism in JavaInterfaces in JavaThis reference in JavaClasses of JavaClasses in Java are the blueprint for creating objects and defining their properties and behaviors. They are the fundamental building blocks of Java programs, enabling the creation of reusable and modular code. Classes can contain fields, methods, constructors, and nested classes, providing a wide range of functionality and flexibility.
Classes and ObjectsUnderstanding classes and objects in JavaClass vs interfaceSingleton class in javaObject class in javaInner class in javaAbstract classes in javaThrowable class in javaInterfaces in JavaInterfaces in Java are abstract types that define a set of methods that a class must implement. They provide a way to achieve abstraction, multiple inheritance, and loose coupling in Java programs. Interfaces are useful for defining common behaviors and functionalities that can be shared across different classes, leading to more modular and reusable code. Mastering interfaces in Java is crucial for building flexible and extensible software applications.
Java InterfacesInterfaces and Inheritance in JavaClass Vs Interface in JavaFunctional InterfaceNested InterfaceMarker InterfaceComparator InterfaceMethods in JavaIntroduction to methods in JavaDifferent method calls in JavaStatic methods Vs Instance methods in JavaAbstract methods in JavaMethod Overriding in JavaMethod Overloading in JavaMethod Overloading Vs Method OverridingPackages in JavaJava PackagesHow to create a package in Javajava.util packagejava.lang packagejava.io packageCollection Framework in JavaJava Collection FrameworkCollections class in JavaCollection Interface in JavaList Interface in JavaQueue Interface in JavaMap Interface in JavaSet Interface in JavaSortedSet Interface in JavaDeque Interface in JavaComparator in JavaComparator Vs Comparable in JavaIterator in JavaCollection Classes in JavaArrayList in JavaVector class in JavaStack class in JavaLinkedList in JavaPriority Queue in JavaHashMap in JavaLinkedHashMap in JavaDictionary in JavaHashTable in JavaHashSet in JavaTreeSet in JavaLinkedHashSet in JavaMemory Allocation in JavaJava Memory ManagementHow are Java objects stored in memoryStack vs Heap memory allocationTypes of memory areas allocated by JVMGarbage Collection in JavaHeap and Stack memory allocationTypes of JVM Garbage Collectors in JavaMemory leaks in JavaJava Virtual Machine(JVM) Stack AreaException Handling in JavaExceptions in javaTypes of ExceptionsChecked Vs Unchecked ExceptionsTry, Catch, Finally, throw, and throwsFlow control in Try catch blockThrow vs ThrowsFinal vs Finally vs FinalizeUser-defined custom exceptionChained ExceptionsNull pointer ExceptionsException handling with method OverridingMultithreading in JavaIntroduction to Multithreading in JavaLifecycle and Stages of a ThreadThread Priority in JavaMain Thread in JavaThread classRunnable interfaceHow to name a threadstart() method in threadrun() vs start() Method in Javasleep() methodDaemon threadThread Pool in JavaThread Group in JavaThread Safety in JavaShutdownHookMultithreading TutorialSynchronization in JavaJava SynchronizationImportance of Thread synchronization in JavaMethod and Block Synchronization in JavaLocal frameworks vs thread synchronizationAtomic Vs Volatile in JavaAtomic Vs Synchronized in JavaDeadlock in MultithreadingDeadlock Prevention and AvoidanceLock Vs Monitor in ConcurrencyReentrant LockFile Handling in JavaFile Class in javaHow to create files in javaHow to read files in javaHow to write on files in javaHow to delete a file in javaFile PermissionsFileReaderFile WriterFileDescriptor classRandomAccessFile classJava RegexIntroduction to Java RegexHow to write Regex expressionsMatcher classPattern classQuantifiersCharacter classJava IOIntroduction to Java IOReader ClassWriter ClassFileInput streamFile Output streamBufferedReader Input StreamBufferedReader Output streamBufferedReader vs ScannerFast I/O in JavaJava NetworkingIntroduction to Java NetworkingTCP architectureUDP architectureIPV4 Vs IPV6Connection-oriented Vs connectionless protocolsSocket programming in JavaServer Socket classURL class and methodsJava SE 8 FeaturesLambda ExpressionsStreams APINew Date/Time APIDefault MethodsFunctional InterfacesMethod referencesOptional classStream FilterType AnnotationsString JoinerJava Date & TimeDate Class in JavaMethods of the Date classJava Current Date and timeCompare dates in JavaJava JDBCIntroduction to Java JDBCJDBC DriverJDBC ConnectionTypes of Statements in JDBCJDBC TutorialJava MiscellaneousIntroduction to Reflection APIJava IO TutorialJavaFX TutorialJava RMIHow to Run Java RMI application?Java 17 New FeaturesInterview Questions on JavaCore Java Interview QuestionsJava Multiple Choice QuestionsFeatures of Java Java is one of the most popular and widely used programming languages. Java has been one of the most popular programming languages for many years.Java is Object Oriented. However, it is not considered as pure object-oriented as it provides support for primitive data types (like int, char, etc)The Java codes are first compiled into byte code (machine-independent code). Then the byte code runs on Java Virtual Machine (JVM) regardless of the underlying architecture. Java syntax is similar to C/C++. But Java does not provide low-level programming functionalities like pointers. Also, Java codes are always written in the form of classes and objects.Java is used in all kinds of applications like Mobile Applications (Android is Java-based), desktop applications, web applications, client-server applications, enterprise applications, and many more.When compared with C++, Java codes are generally more maintainable because Java does not allow many things which may lead to bad/inefficient programming if used incorrectly. For example, non-primitives are always references in Java. So we cannot pass large objects (like we can do in C++) to functions, we always pass references in Java. One more example, since there are no pointers, bad memory access is also not possible.When compared with Python, Java kind of fits between C++ and Python. The programs are written in Java typically run faster than corresponding Python programs and slower than C++. Like C++, Java does static type checking, but Python does not.Applications of JavaHere in this section, we have added some of the applications that were developed using the Java programming language.
Mobile ApplicationsDesktop GUI ApplicationsArtificial intelligenceScientific ApplicationsCloud ApplicationsEmbedded SystemsGaming ApplicationsJava Practice ProblemsKeep up your pace and try hard till you excel in it. This will need some motivation and resources to Practice Java. So, there are few resources mentioned below this will help you in your journey:
Java Interview Questions and AnswersJava Programming ExamplesJava Exercises – Basic to Advanced Java Practice Programs with SolutionsJava Language MCQs with AnswersJava Practice QuizJava Jobs & OpportunityAccording to report of Statista.com Java is most demanded programming languages after JavaScript by recruiters worldwide in 2024. Major MNC companies are recruiting Java Programmers.
AmazonTeslaIBMGoogleHoneywellNetflixMetaWiproInfosysAccentureOracle IncDeloitte IndiaCognizantCapgeminiMany more...Java Latest & Upcoming FeaturesJava SE 21Released: September 2023Java SE 21 is the latest stable release, featuring:
Hidden Classes (Preview): Introduces a mechanism to restrict access to specific members of a class, enhancing modularity and code maintainability.Improved Garbage Collector Ergonomics (JEP 429): Simplifies configuration and monitoring of the garbage collection process.API Updates: Enhancements to existing APIs, including java.io.file for better file handling capabilities.Java SE 22Released: March 19, 2024Java SE 22 introduces:
Foreign Function & Memory API (JEP 454): Enhances interoperability with native code.Unnamed Variables & Patterns (JEP 456): Adds support for unnamed variables and patterns.Structured Concurrency (JEP 462, Second Preview): Simplifies multithreaded programming by structuring concurrency.String Templates (JEP 459, Second Preview): Provides a new syntax for creating and manipulating strings.Vector API (JEP 460, Seventh Incubator): Offers a portable and low-level abstraction for SIMD programming.Upcoming Features (Expected in Java SE 23 - September 2024)Vector API (Incubator): A new API designed for high-performance vector computations, potentially beneficial for scientific computing and machine learning applications.Project Panama (Preview): Aims to improve interoperability between Java and native code, simplifying interactions with non-Java libraries and frameworks.Trends in Java Development:Java continues to prioritize features that enhance application performance and developer experience.Java's strong position in cloud environments is expected to hold as cloud computing remains a dominant trend.Java's suitability for building scalable and modular systems aligns well with the popularity of microservices architectures.Expect to see Java evolving to integrate more seamlessly with technologies like artificial intelligence, big data, and the Internet of Things (IoT).Java Programming Tutorial: FAQsWhy use Java ?Java is simple to understand programming language because doesn’t contain concepts like : Pointers and operator overloading and it is secure and portable.
What are the major concepts in Java?There are 4 major concept in Java that is abstraction, encapsulation, polymorphism, and inheritance. Along with this Java also works with three OOPs concept
How Java different to C++ ?C++JAVAC++ is platform dependent.Java is platform independent.C++ uses compiler only.Java uses compiler and interpreter both.C++ support pointers and operator overloading.Java doesn’t support pointers and operator overloading concept.C++ not support multithreading concept.Java supports multithreading concept.Why Java is so popular programming language?Java is based on object model hence it is one the popular programming language.
What are the scope of Java Technologies for Web Applications?Java Technologies for Web Applications are a set of Java-based technologies that are used to develop web applications. These technologies include:
Java Servlet APIJavaServer PagesJavaServer Faces Enterprise JavaBeansJDBC (Java Database Connectivity)Java Messaging Service (JMS):JavaMail API:JAX-WSCheck More Resources Related to Java ProgrammingK
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